Steam-boiler



(No Model.)

' L. A. OLSEN.

` STEAM BOILBR.

Traa 'Normes PErsRs co.. wcfaumo.. wAsmNGTon, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LABS A. OLSEN, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,829, dated April18, 1893.

Application iiled September 14., 1892. Serial No. 445,891. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, LARs A. OLsEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oakland, Alameda county, State of California, have inventedan Improvement in Steam Boilers; and I hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to that class of steam boilers in which water tubeswith hollow heads are located in the furnace shell and are surmounted byand communicate with suitable water and steam drums.

My invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of theshell, the inclined Water tubes therein, the hollow heads of said tubes,the inclined water drums, the steam drum andthe feed water pipes, all ofwhich together with the several details and combinations will behereinafter fully described and specifically pointed out in the claims.

The object of myinvention is to provide a boiler having a maximumcapacity of steam storage, rapid in its steam generation, economical inits fuel consumption and having great strength and durability.

Referring to the accompanying drawings for a more complete explanationof my invention,-Figure 1 is a front view of my boiler, a portion of thefront of the shell being broken away to show the front of the forwardhead, and a portion of the front wall of said head being broken away toshow the interior of the head sections c. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section of my boiler.

A is the furnace shell, having in its front the main doors a, thefire-box door a and the ash-pit door a2. In its lower portion is thefire-box a3 with grate bars a4 and underlying ash-pit a5. In its side ithas a door a6; at its back a door ai, man-holes as, and at its top frontthe smoke stack 0.9.

B are Water tubes. These are located within shell A and inclinedownwardly from the front to the back. These tubes are carried at eachend in sectional hollow heads C. Each head is formed of separatesections c laid upon and next to each other. Each section is a hollowbox made of cast steel, or cast iron, or otherwise. Their contours maybe varied, it being preferable to make the side series of an L shape,While the intervening ones are of a T shape, whereby in laying tion.

them up, they bond together snugly to form the complete head.

Into the back wall of each section is let and expanded therein the endof one or more of the tubes B. I prefer to have three tubes to eachsection. The interiors of these sections communicate through nipples Dwhich are short pipes or tubes passing through and eX- panded in theadjacent walls of the sections. Thus the hollow spaces of the sections,communicating through the nipples practically unite in a single hollowhead through which the water from and to the tubes B can freelycirculate.

In the outer wall of each section c, opposite the end of each tube B, ismade a hand-hole E, covered by any suitably constructed plate e. Anysection of the head may be removed whenever necessary, by workingthrough the nearest hand-hole and removing its connecting nipple andattached tubes. The forward head rests its base, through theintervention of a bearing bar c', upon rollers c2 to provide formovement due to expansion and contrac- This location of the rollers atthe front instead of at vthe back is of advantage in that the frontbeing directly over the lire is subject to the greater movement. Theback head communicates at its base with a mud drum F, access to which ishad through a suitably covered hole f.

Upon top of each head is a hollow casing G, with whichl the top sectionsof the heads communicate through nipples D', said casings havinghand-holes g covered with plates g similar to those in the heads,whereby ready access is afforded to remove the nipples. The casings arecentrally stiffened by apertured braces g2. Supported by and betweenthese casings G are the two water drums H whichlie at the sameinclination as and parallel with the tubes B. These drums are suitablybolted to the casings and they communicate therewith through nipples D2.At each end the drums have man-holes covered by plates h of the samecharacter as the hand-hole covers in the heads.

The line h-h represents the water level in drum H and on this level thebrick work separating wall I of the shell A is formed on each side ofand between thedrums, said wall terminating short of the back of theshell.

ICO

Across the front ends of the drums His supported the steam drum J, whichcommunicates with said drums I-l through the passages j.

Within the forward ends of drums H, and lying between the communicationsof said drums with the casin gs Gr below and the steam drum .I above,are guard-plates K which prevent the water from the forward head andcasing being thrown upwardly into the steam space above, thus insuringdry steam.

Rising from the back of the tire-box and extending nearly to the topofthe tube series is the first directing place L. This consists ofperforated sections of plate slipped over the tubes and flanged andbolted together. The lower portion of this plate is provided with holesl. Depending from the top or brick-work I is the second directing plateM which is similar in construction to plate L and extends to the bottomof the tubes, terminating above the space alo in the base of shell A. Inthe lower portion of this plate are the holes m. The flames from thetireboX rise over the first directing plate, pass under the secondplate, and thence rise by the rear portions of the water drums, and bythe rear end of wall I, and forwardly over them to the stack. By thiscourse the heat is equalized throughout the length of the tubes, andevery portion thereof is fully exposed to the flames. The flames incurving over and under the plates are naturally directed away from theimmediate vicinity of their lower portions. To obviate the effect ofthis, the holesZ and m are provided so that some of the heat can passdirectly through and thus the tubes near the plates are fully heated.

N is the feed water connecting pipe. It enters a box O from the innerwall of which issues a series of pipes P which extend forwardly in theupper portion of shell Ain the path of and exposed to the flames andproducts of combustion on their way to the stack. The forward ends ofthese pipes enter the box Q, from which issue rearwardly extending pipesR which enter a box S at the back. From this box extend pipes T whichpass downwardly into the rear ends of the water drums H. Here they enterdirecting chutes U which extend forwardly and carry the water into thedrums at a point removed from the entrance into the rear casing G, sothat no water of a low temperature can be discharged directly into therear head, to the injury of the tube connections therein. Suitabledrains zt are provided for chutes U, and in the backs of said chutes arecovered handholes u accessible from the man-holes in the ends of thewater drums.

In the back or outer walls of all the boxes O, Q and S, at pointsopposite the pipes are covered hand-holes o, q and ssimilar to those inthe heads, whereby the pipe connections can be easily reached. The feedwater entering through pipes P and R is initially heated and is thendelivered into the drums H. From these, the circulation is through theback casing vand back head, forwardly through the tubes B, and upthrough the front head and front casing into the drums again. The steamrises through the front head and casing into the steam space above thewater line in the drums and thence into the steam drum. Thus a largesteam space for storage is obtained, the heat is directed properly andeconomized, steam generation is rapid, and the whole boiler is strong,efficient and safe. The water space of the drums II is below the wall Iand subjected to the direct iiames, while the steam space is above saidwall.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam boiler, the combination of a shell having a fire-box inits lower front, a stack in its top front and a separating wall fordirecting the dames to the rear of the shell in their passage to thestack, a series of backwardly inclined water tubes in the shell abovethe rebox and below the separating wall, hollow heads at each end of andcommunicating with said tubes and a backwardly inclined water drum aboveand communicating with said hollow heads, substantially as hereindescribed.

2. In a steam boiler, the combination of a shell having a fire-box inits lower front., a stack in its top front and a separating wall fordirecting the flames to the rear of the shell in their passage to thestack, a series of backwardly inclined water tubes in the shell abovethe lire-box and below the separating wall, hollow heads at each end ofand communicating with said tubes and a backwardly inclined water drumabove and communicating with said hollow heads, said drum having itsrear lower portion below and its forward upper portion above theseparating wall in the shell, substantially as herein described.

` In a steam boiler, the combination of a shell having a fire-box in itslower front,a stack in its top front and a separating wall for directingthe flames to the rear of the shell in their passage to the stack, aseries of backwardly inclined water tubes in the shell above thefire-box and below the separating wall, hollow heads at each end of andcommunicating with said tubes and a backwardly inclined water drum aboveand communicating with said hollow heads, said drum having its rearlower portion below and its forward upper portion above the separatingwall in the shell, and a steam drum above and communicating with theforward top portion of said water drum, substantially as hereindescribed.

4. In a steam boiler, the combination of a shell having a fire-box inits lower front, a stack in its top front and a separating wall fordirecting the llames to the rear of the shell in their passage to thestack, a series of backwardly inclined water tubes in the shell abovethe fire-box and below the separating IIO IZO

wall, hollow heads at each end of and cornmunicating with said tubes anda backwardly inclined water drum above and communicating with saidhollow heads, said drum having its rear lower portion below and itsforward upper portion above the separating wall in the shell, a steamdrum above and communicating with the forward top portion of said waterdrum, and a guard-plate in the forward end of said water drum betweenits communications with the forward head and the steam drum,substantially as herein described.

5. In a steam boiler, the combination of a shell having a fire-box inits lower front portion, a stack in its upperfront portion and aseparating wall for directing the Haines to the rear of the shell intheir passage to the stack,

a series of backwardly inclined water tubes' in the shell above thefire-box and below the separating wall, hollow heads at each end of andcommunicating with said tubes, a backwardly inclined water drum aboveand conimunicating with said hollow heads, said drum having its rearlower portion below and its forward upper portion above the separatingwall in the shell, and a series of directing plates in said shell aboutthe tubes having passages alternately above and below, to direct theflames in a tortuous course throughout the length of the tubes,substantially as herein described.

6. In a steam boiler, the combination of the shell, the backwardlyinclined water tubes therein, the hollow heads consistingof separatehollow sections receiving the tubes in their Y inner walls and havingthe communicating nipples, the hollow casings G on top of said heads andhaving the nipples communicating therewith, the inclined water drumssupported on said casings and communicating therewith and the steam drumsupported above and communicating with the forward ends of the waterdrums, substantially as herein described.

7. VIn a steam boiler, the combination of the shell with its separatingwall, the inclined water tubes and hollow heads below said wall, theVinclined water drums partly above and partly below said wall, the feedwater pipes in the shell above the water drums, the boxes with whichsaid pipes communicate and thek pipes connecting the final box with therear ends of the water drums, substantially as herein described.

S. In a steam boiler, the combination of the shell, the water tubestherein with their hollow heads, the water drums above and communicatingwith said heads, the feed water pipes passing back and forth in theshell above the drums, the directing chutes in the rear ends of thedrums and the pipes connecting the feed water pipes with said chutes,substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LARS A. OLSEN.

Witnesses:

S. H. NoURsE, J. A. BAYLEss.

